Hardwood forest type

image of the Hardwood forest type.

The Hardwood forest type consists of a wide range of deciduous species, primarily sugar or Sugar Maple with a lesser component of Yellow Birch, oak, beech, basswood and Ash and White Pine. It is the dominant forest type in the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence forest region.

Map of Hardwood forest type

map of the Hardwood forest type indicating low (light brown), moderate and high (dark brown) levels of relative occurrence.

Enlarge map of Hardwood forest type

Area within the Hardwood forest type (area in hectares)

Statistic Crown Parks and protected areas Other Total
Total AOU area 2016 1,195,129 172,776 995,690 2,363,596

Total area by seral stage–Hardwood forest type (area in hectares)

Statistic Crown Parks and protected areas Other Total
Pre-sapling 19,362 261 8,855 28,478
Sapling 12,487 1,882 14,071 28,439
Immature 63,017 6,651 75,402 145,070
Mature 669,995 92,724 771,160 1,533,880
Late successional 430,268 71,257 126,203 627,728
Totals 1,195,129 172,776 995,690 2,363,596

Hardwood forest type area by seral stage

horizontal bar chart of the Hardwood forest type by seral stage including pre-sapling, sapling, immature, mature, and late successional. Forest types include light green for Crown, green for parks and protected areas and grey for other.

Total growing stock volume–Hardwood forest type (volume in thousands of cubic metres)

Statistic Crown Parks and protected areas Other Total
Gross total volume 234,514 33,797 214,008 482,319
Net merchantable volume 154,944 22,407 145,855 323,206
Current annual increment 1,415 176 1,709 3,301

Total growing stock volume by dominant species–Hardwood forest type (volume in thousands of cubic metres)

Statistic Crown Parks and protected areas Other Total
Sugar Maple 107,148 13,341 92,375 212,863
Yellow Birch 28,187 3,625 13,870 45,682
Red Maple 15,436 2,752 17,084 35,272
Oak 14,425 3,112 17,193 34,730
Poplar 9,353 1,630 13,893 24,876
All Others 59,965 9,337 59,593 128,895
Totals 234,514 33,797 214,008 482,319

Hardwood forest type area by age class

vertical bar chart of Hardwood forest type area by age class including beige for 2001, light brown for 2006, green for 2011 and charcoal for 2016.

Species in tolerant Hardwood forest type

pie chart of the Hardwood forest type - dominant species, including orange for White Pine, green for Spruce, yellow for other Conifers, grey for White Birch and green-brown for Hardwoods.