The Appendix is intended for use in conjunction with the 2016 Annual Air Quality in Ontario Report. The Appendix briefly describes the provincial Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) network, quality assurance and quality control procedures, and the Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change’s air quality database. It also includes a series of tables displaying station locations and a listing of the summary statistics including means, maximums, percentile values and the number of exceedances of the Ontario Ambient Air Quality Criteria (AAQC) for each pollutant. In addition, trends for select pollutants are displayed for a 10-year period.

Monitoring Network Operations

Network Description

In 2016, the Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Branch (EMRB) operated 39 ambient air monitoring sites across Ontario as part of the AQHI network. Monitoring site locations for the AQHI network are illustrated in Map A1. The AQHI network was comprised of 132 continuous monitoring instruments at 39 sites. These instruments have the capability of recording minute data (approximately 70 million data points per year) that are used to scan and validate the continuous hourly data.

Quality Assurance and Quality Control

Day-to-day maintenance and support of the instruments are administered by EMRB staff. Instrumentation precision is verified by daily automatic internal zero and span checks. Data analysts and station operators review span control charts to confirm instrument precision using a telemetry system. A quarterly quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) review is performed on the ambient data set in order to highlight anomalies and administer corrective action in a timely manner.

The air monitoring station operators routinely inspect and maintain monitoring equipment and stations with mandatory bi-monthly on-site visits where secondary transfer standards are used to calibrate instrumentation. Station maintenance activities are recorded using FieldWorker Inc. software, an electronic documentation solution; this information is transferred directly to the ministry’s database. The instrumentation used throughout the provincial air monitoring network has been standardized to Thermo Electron Corporation analyzers in an effort to streamline parts inventory and leverage common hardware used within each analyzer. The following is a summary of the instrumentation deployed within the network and are all US EPA designated equivalent methods:

  • Nitrogen Oxides – TE42C/I
  • Fine Particulate Matter – SHARP 5030
  • Ozone – TE49C/I
  • Sulphur Dioxide – TE43C/I
  • Carbon Monoxide – TE48C/I
  • Total Reduced Sulphur – TE43C/CDN101

EMRB operates a laboratory with gas reference standards that adhere to those of the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Air Quality Research Division of Environment & Climate Change Canada. The secondary transfer standards used by station operators are referenced and certified to EMRB’s NIST primary standards on a quarterly basis.

The Ontario ambient air quality monitoring network undergoes constant maintenance to ensure a high standard of quality control. Continuous real-time data are consistently reviewed, assessed and validated by EMRB staff. Immediate actions are taken to correct any inconsistencies that may affect the validity of the data. These measures ensure ambient air monitoring data are valid, complete, comparable, representative and accurate. As a result, the 2016 ambient air quality monitoring network had greater than 98% valid data from over one million hourly data points.

Data Base

The ambient air quality data used in this report are stored in the ministry’s air quality information system (AQUIS) and are made available through the Air Quality Ontario web site and the ministry’s Open Data Catalogue web page. A statistical pattern test is used to identify data anomalies, such as unusual pollutant concentrations. Each pollutant has a predetermined concentration range based on historical data. Values outside this range are flagged for further investigation.

Data are obtained from automated ambient air monitoring instruments that operate continuously to produce an average measurement for every hour for a possible total of 8,760 measurements in a given year. Hourly parameters measured include NO/NO2/NOx, PM2.5,O3, SO2, CO and TRS compounds. A valid annual mean requires at least 6,570 hourly readings. In addition, each quarter of the year should have 75 per cent valid data for PM2.5, whereas for ozone, only the 2nd and 3rd quarters of the year require 75 per cent valid data.

Network Descriptive Tables

The AQHI network for 2016 is summarized in Table A1. The table displays the station name, numerical identifier and pollutants measured. The numerical identifier is the station (ID) number, the first digit of which identifies the geographic region in which the station is located. Air monitoring stations within the AQHI network can measure up to six common pollutants (NO2, PM2.5, ozone, SO2, CO and TRS compounds) based on the pollutant(s) of concern for the regional area it represents.

Table A1 also identifies the type of air monitoring site: ambient, road-side, Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard (CAAQS), and/or National Air Pollution Surveillance (NAPS). Ambient sites represent the general air quality of an area without any direct influence of local industrial sources. Road-side sites are within approximately 100 m of a major roadway with daily traffic volumes greater than 10,000 vehicles per day.

Annual Statistics and 10-Year Trends

The 2016 statistical data and 10-year trends for various continuous pollutants are provided in Tables A2-A9, and Tables A10-A18, respectively. The annual averages, maximums and percentiles are displayed in the annual statistics tables. (A percentile value is the percentage of the data set that is equal to or below the stated value; for example, if the 70 percentile value is 0.10 ppm, then 70% of the data are equal to or below 0.10 ppm). To be included in the 10-year trend analysis, a site must have valid annual means for a minimum of 8 years over the 10-year period from 2007-2016.

Other Informative tables

The calculated CAAQS metrics for PM2.5 and ozone are presented for 2016 (based on a three-year average, 2014-2016) in Table A19. The percentage distribution of hourly AQHI readings within the various health risk categories for each of the 39 monitoring sites are displayed in Table A20. Table A21 summarizes the number of air quality alerts issued in Ontario during 2016. The 2016 statistical data for selected toxics are provided in Tables A22-A27.

Map A1: Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) Monitoring Sites Across Ontario in 2016

Map A1 is a map depicting the Air Quality Health Index monitoring sites across Ontario in 2016.

Table A1: 2016 Ontario Continuous Ambient Air Monitoring Network

ID STATION NAME STATION LOCATION YEAR LATITUDE (D:M:S) LONGITUDE (D:M:S) AIR INTAKE (AGL) TYPE AIR QUALITY HEALTH INDEX NITROGEN DIOXIDE FINE PARTICULATE MATTER GROUND-LEVEL OZONE SULFUR DIOXIDE CARBON MONOXIDE TOTAL REDUCED SULFUR
12008 WINDSOR DOWNTOWN 467 UNIVERSITY AVE. W. 1969 42°18'56.8" -83°02'37.2" 8 A/RS/C/N Y T T T T T .
12016 WINDSOR WEST COLLEGE AVE./SOUTH ST. 1975 42°17'34.4" -83°04'23.3" 4 A/N Y T T T T . T
13001 CHATHAM 435 GRAND AVE. W. 2005 42°24'13.3" -82°12'29.9" 15 A/C/N Y T T T . . .
14111 SARNIA 720 CHRISTINA ST. N. 2016 42°59’25.” -82°23’43.2" 3 A/C/N Y T T T T . T
15020 GRAND BEND POINT BLAKE CONSERVATION AREA 1991 43°19'59.1" -81°44'34.4" 5 A/N Y T T T . . .
15026 LONDON 42 ST. JULIEN ST. 2013 42°58'28.1" -81°12'03.1" 5 A/C/N Y T T T . . .
16015 PORT STANLEY 43665 DEXTER LINE, ELGIN WATER T. PLANT 2002 42°40'19.5" -81°09'46.4" 5 A/N Y T T T . . .
18007 TIVERTON 4th CONCESSION/BRUCE RD. 23 1979 44°18'52.1" -81°32'59.0" 4 A/N Y T T T . . .
21005 BRANTFORD 324 GRAND RIVER AVE. 2004 43°08'19.0" -80°17'33.5" 5 A/C/N Y T T T . . .
26060 KITCHENER WEST AVE./HOMEWOOD AVE. 1990 43°26'37.8" -80°30'13.7" 5 A/C/N Y T T T . . .
27067 ST. CATHARINES ARGYLE CRES., PUMP STN. 1987 43°09'36.2" -79°14'05.1" 4 A/C/N Y T T T . . .
28028 GUELPH EXHIBITION ST./CLARK ST. W. 2000 43°33'05.8" -80°15'51.0" 4 A/C/N Y T T T . . .
29000 HAMILTON DOWNTOWN ELGIN ST./KELLY ST. 1987 43°15'28.0" -79°51'42.0" 4 A/RS/C/N Y T T T T T T
29114 HAMILTON MOUNTAIN VICKERS RD./E. 18TH ST. 1985 43°13'45.9" -79°51'46.0" 3 A/C/N Y T T T T . .
29118 HAMILTON WEST MAIN ST. W./HWY 403 1985 43°15'26.8" -79°54'27.9" 3 A/RS/N Y T T T . . .
31103 TORONTO DOWNTOWN BAY ST./WELLESLEY ST. W. 2000 43°39'46.7" -79°23'17.2" 10 A/RS/C/N Y T T T . . .
33003 TORONTO EAST KENNEDY RD./LAWRENCE AVE. E. 1970 43°44'52.5" -79°16'26.6" 4 A/RS/C/N Y T T T . . .
34020 TORONTO NORTH HENDON AVE./YONGE ST. 1988 43°46'53.8" -79°25'03.8" 5 A/RS/C/N Y T T T . . .
35125 TORONTO WEST 125 RESOURCES RD. 2003 43°42'34.0" -79°32'36.6" 8 A/RS/C/N Y T T T T T .
44008 BURLINGTON NORTH SHORE BLVD. E./LAKESHORE RD. 1979 43°18'54.4" -79°48'09.5" 5 A/C/N Y T T T . . .
44017 OAKVILLE EIGHTH LINE/GLENASHTON DR., HALTON RESERVOIR 2003 43°29'12.9" -79°42'08.2" 12 A/C/N Y T T T . . .
45026 OSHAWA 2000 SIMCOE ST. N., DURHAM COLLEGE 2005 43°56'45.4" -78°53'41.7" 7 A/RS/C/N Y T T T . . .
46089 BRAMPTON 525 MAIN ST. N., PEEL MANOR 2000 43°41'55.5" -79°46'51.3" 5 A/C/N Y T T T . . .
46108 MISSISSAUGA 3359 MISSISSAUGA RD. N., U OF T MISSISSAUGA 2007 43°32'49.1" -79°39'31.3" 5 A/C/N Y T T T . . .
47045 BARRIE 83 PERRY ST. 2001 44°22'56.5" -79°42'08.3" 5 A/C/N Y T T T . . .
48006 NEWMARKET EAGLE ST. W./McCAFFREY RD. 2001 44°02'39.5" -79°28'59.7" 5 A/N Y T T T . . .
49005 PARRY SOUND 7 BAY ST. 2001 45°20'16.3" -80°02'17.4" 5 A/N Y T T T . . .
49010 DORSET 1026 BELLWOOD ACRES RD. 1981 45°13'27.4" -78°55'58.6" 3 A/N Y . T T . . .
51001 OTTAWA DOWNTOWN RIDEAU ST./WURTEMBURG ST. 1971 45°26'03.6" -75°40'33.6" 4 A/C/N Y T T T T T .
51002 OTTAWA CENTRAL 960 CARLING AVE. 2007 45°22'57.1" -75°42'51.1" 5 A/N Y T T T . . .
51010 PETAWAWA PETAWAWA RESEARCH FOREST FACILITY 2007 45°59'48.2" -77°26'28.3" 6 A/N Y . T T . . .
52023 KINGSTON 23 BEECHGROVE LANE 2014 44°13'11.5" -76°31'16.1" 5 A/C/N Y T T T . . .
54012 BELLEVILLE 2 SIDNEY ST., WATER TREATMENT PLANT 2002 44°09'01.9" -77°23'43.8" 10 A/N Y T T T . . .
56051 CORNWALL BEDFORD ST./3RD ST. W. 1970 45°01'04.7" -74°44'06.8" 4 A/N Y T T T . . .
59006 PETERBOROUGH 10 HOSPITAL DR. 1998 44°18'06.9" -78°20'46.4" 10 A/C/N Y T T T . . .
63203 THUNDER BAY 421 JAMES ST. S. 2004 48°22'45.8" -89°17'24.6" 15 A/RS/C/N Y T T T . . .
71078 SAULT STE. MARIE SAULT COLLEGE 2004 46°31'59.5" -84°18'35.7" 8 A/N Y T T T T . T
75010 NORTH BAY CHIPPEWA ST. W., DEPT. NATIONAL DEFENCE 1979 46°19'23.5" -79°26'57.4" 4 A/RS/N Y T T T . . .
77233 SUDBURY 155 ELM ST. 2013 46°29'31.0" -81°00'11.2" 3 A/C/N Y T T T T . .
TOTAL               39 37 39 39 9 4 4

Notes:

ID
station identfication number
Year
year station began monitoring
Air intake
height of air intake above ground (m)
Type
type of monitoring site: A = ambient, RS = road-side, C = CAAQS, N = NAPS
AQI
Air Quality Index site
T
telemetry
NO2
nitrogen dioxide
PM2.5
fine particulate matter
O3
ground-level ozone
SO2
sulphur dioxide
CO
carbon monoxide
TRS
total reduced sulphur

Table A2: 2016 Nitric Oxide (NO) Annual Statistics

Unit: parts per billion (ppb)

ID City Location Valid h 10% 30% 50% 70% 90% 99% Mean 1h Max 24h Max
12008 Windsor Downtown 467 University Ave. W. 8522 0 1 1 3 6 31 3.1 127 28
12016 Windsor West College Ave./South St. 8746 0 0 1 2 6 41 2.9 149 35
13001 Chatham 435 Grand Ave. W. 8606 0 0 0 1 4 13 1.4 68 13
14111 Sarnia 720 Christina St. N. 6396 0 1 1 1 3 16 INS 78 14
15020 Grand Bend Point Blake Conservation Area 8736 0 0 0 1 1 3 0.4 20 3
15026 London 42 St. Julien St. 8572 0 0 0 1 2 18 1 76 16
16015 Port Stanley 43665 Dexter Line, Elgin Water T. Plt 8652 0 0 0 0 1 5 0.2 20 4
18007 Tiverton 4th Concession/Bruce Rd. 23 8501 0 0 0 1 2 4 0.6 25 4
21005 Brantford 324 Grand River Ave. 8711 0 0 0 0 2 15 0.8 112 14
26060 Kitchener West Ave./Homewood Ave. 8536 0 0 0 1 2 24 1.3 133 38
27067 St. Catharines Argyle Cres., Pump Stn. 8649 0 0 0 1 2 25 1.5 143 50
28028 Guelph Exhibition St./Clark St. W. 8686 0 0 0 0 2 24 1.1 90 34
29000 Hamilton Downtown Elgin St./Kelly St. 8683 0 1 1 2 8 55 4.2 184 72
29114 Hamilton Mountain Vickers Rd./E. 18th St. 8647 0 0 0 1 2 18 1.2 66 30
29118 Hamilton West Main St. W./Hwy 403 8752 0 0 1 3 14 89 6.2 207 89
31103 Toronto Downtown Bay St./Wellesley St. W. 8700 0 1 1 2 5 25 2.6 139 34
33003 Toronto East Kennedy Rd./Lawrence Ave. E. 8593 0 1 2 5 10 56 5.4 281 70
34020 Toronto North Hendon Ave./Yonge St. 8631 0 1 1 2 7 39 3.5 197 56
35125 Toronto West 125 Resources Rd. 8650 0 1 2 6 19 95 8.2 297 94
44008 Burlington North Shore Blvd. E./Lakeshore Rd. 8693 0 1 1 3 9 49 3.9 151 51
44017 Oakville Eighth Line/Glenashton Dr., Halton Res. 8709 0 0 0 1 4 26 1.8 106 37
45026 Oshawa 2000 Simcoe St. N., Durham College 8695 0 1 1 2 5 22 2.5 104 21
46089 Brampton 525 Main St. N., Peel Manor 8698 0 0 1 2 6 51 3.4 176 75
46108 Mississauga 3359 Mississauga Rd. N., U Of T Campus 8669 0 0 1 1 7 55 3.6 165 62
47045 Barrie 83 Perry St. 8671 1 1 2 2 5 55 3.7 261 65
48006 Newmarket Eagle St. W./McCaffrey Rd. 8719 0 0 1 1 3 20 1.6 103 21
49005 Parry Sound 7 Bay St. 8633 0 0 0 0 1 8 0.6 44 11
51001 Ottawa Downtown Rideau St./Wurtemburg St. 8709 0 0 1 1 3 22 1.7 95 36
51002 Ottawa Central 960 Carling Ave. 8605 0 0 1 1 3 23 1.5 73 17
52023 Kingston 23 Beechgrove Lane 8681 0 0 0 1 2 10 0.7 65 12
54012 Belleville 2 Sidney St., Water Treatment Plant 8512 0 1 1 1 3 20 1.8 110 18
56051 Cornwall Bedford St./3rd St. W. 8714 0 1 1 1 3 30 2.1 126 25
59006 Peterborough 10 Hospital Dr. 8587 0 0 1 1 2 16 1.3 71 15
63203 Thunder Bay 421 James St. S. 8499 0 1 1 2 11 36 3.8 96 44
71078 Sault Ste. Marie Sault College 8670 0 0 1 1 2 8 1 64 8
75010 North Bay Chippewa St. W., Dept. National Defence 8772 0 1 1 1 3 21 2 128 36
77233 Sudbury 155 Elm Street 8687 1 1 1 2 5 46 3.3 205 46

Note:
INS indicates there was insufficient data to calculate a valid annual mean.

Table A3: 2016 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Annual Statistics

Unit: parts per billion (ppb)
NO2 1h AAQC: 200 ppb
NO2 24h AAQC: 100 ppb

ID City Location Valid h 10% 30% 50% 70% 90% 99% Mean 1h Max 24h Max No. of Times Above 1h Criterion No. of Times Above 24h Criterion
12008 Windsor Downtown 467 University Ave. W. 8522 4 7 9 13 22 35 11.4 52 30 0 0
12016 Windsor West College Ave./South St. 8746 3 6 8 12 21 36 10.6 51 27 0 0
13001 Chatham 435 Grand Ave. W. 8605 2 3 4 6 10 20 5.4 42 18 0 0
14111 Sarnia 720 Christina St. N. 6396 2 4 6 9 16 28 INS 51 23 0 0
15020 Grand Bend Point Blake Conservation Area 8736 0 1 2 3 6 11 2.8 25 14 0 0
15026 London 42 St. Julien St. 8572 1 3 4 6 11 24 5.4 42 20 0 0
16015 Port Stanley 43665 Dexter Line, Elgin Water T. Plt 8652 1 2 2 3 5 13 2.9 20 9 0 0
18007 Tiverton 4th Concession/Bruce Rd. 23 8501 0 1 1 2 4 8 1.8 21 10 0 0
21005 Brantford 324 Grand River Ave. 8711 1 2 4 5 10 21 4.8 52 23 0 0
26060 Kitchener West Ave./Homewood Ave. 8536 2 3 4 7 13 28 6.2 51 24 0 0
27067 St. Catharines Argyle Cres., Pump Stn. 8648 2 3 5 7 14 30 6.6 42 25 0 0
28028 Guelph Exhibition St./Clark St. W. 8685 2 3 4 7 13 28 6.2 42 28 0 0
29000 Hamilton Downtown Elgin St./Kelly St. 8678 4 6 9 14 24 39 11.9 51 39 0 0
29114 Hamilton Mountain Vickers Rd./E. 18th St. 8647 2 4 6 9 17 33 7.9 47 31 0 0
29118 Hamilton West Main St. W./Hwy 403 8752 4 6 9 14 24 38 11.8 56 31 0 0
31103 Toronto Downtown Bay St./Wellesley St. W. 8700 5 8 11 16 25 39 13.3 57 31 0 0
33003 Toronto East Kennedy Rd./Lawrence Ave. E. 8597 3 6 9 14 25 44 12.1 68 36 0 0
34020 Toronto North Hendon Ave./Yonge St. 8635 3 6 9 15 25 40 12 56 39 0 0
35125 Toronto West 125 Resources Rd. 8649 5 9 13 19 31 46 15.7 64 41 0 0
44008 Burlington North Shore Blvd. E./Lakeshore Rd. 8693 2 5 8 12 22 38 10.2 62 33 0 0
44017 Oakville Eighth Line/Glenashton Dr., Halton Res. 8709 2 4 6 9 18 35 8.2 50 28 0 0
45026 Oshawa 2000 Simcoe St. N., Durham College 8695 1 3 4 7 14 27 6.3 43 29 0 0
46089 Brampton 525 Main St. N., Peel Manor 8698 2 4 6 11 23 40 9.7 51 35 0 0
46108 Mississauga 3359 Mississauga Rd. N., U Of T Campus 8677 2 4 6 10 19 33 8.6 51 27 0 0
47045 Barrie 83 Perry St. 8671 2 3 5 9 18 40 8.1 63 32 0 0
48006 Newmarket Eagle St. W./McCaffrey Rd. 8719 1 3 4 7 15 33 6.5 47 30 0 0
49005 Parry Sound 7 Bay St. 8633 1 1 2 3 7 17 2.9 32 11 0 0
51001 Ottawa Downtown Rideau St./Wurtemburg St. 8709 2 3 5 8 15 32 6.9 48 29 0 0
51002 Ottawa Central 960 Carling Ave. 8605 1 2 3 6 13 30 5.6 39 22 0 0
52023 Kingston 23 Beechgrove Lane 8681 1 2 3 4 10 24 4.4 47 18 0 0
54012 Belleville 2 Sidney St., Water Treatment Plant 8512 1 2 4 5 11 24 5.1 43 21 0 0
56051 Cornwall Bedford St./3rd St. W. 8714 1 2 3 5 12 34 5.5 48 29 0 0
59006 Peterborough 10 Hospital Dr. 8587 1 2 3 5 10 24 4.5 58 22 0 0
63203 Thunder Bay 421 James St. S. 8499 2 3 5 8 15 31 7.1 43 27 0 0
71078 Sault Ste. Marie Sault College 8670 1 2 3 4 9 19 4 42 18 0 0
75010 North Bay Chippewa St. W., Dept. National Defence 8772 1 2 3 4 11 33 4.7 49 28 0 0
77233 Sudbury 155 Elm Street 8687 2 3 4 7 16 43 7 73 31 0 0

Note:
INS indicates there was insufficient data to calculate a valid annual mean.

Table A4: 2016 Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) Annual Statistics

Unit: parts per billion (ppb)

ID City Location Valid h 10% 30% 50% 70% 90% 99% Mean 1h Max 24h Max
12008 Windsor Downtown 467 University Ave. W. 8522 5 8 11 16 28 62 14.5 160 50
12016 Windsor West College Ave./South St. 8746 4 7 10 14 26 72 13.5 188 54
13001 Chatham 435 Grand Ave. W. 8606 2 4 5 8 13 29 6.8 108 29
14111 Sarnia 720 Christina St. N. 6396 3 5 7 10 18 41 INS 113 30
15020 Grand Bend Point Blake Conservation Area 8736 1 2 3 4 6 13 3.3 39 16
15026 London 42 St. Julien St. 8573 2 3 5 7 13 37 6.5 94 35
16015 Port Stanley 43665 Dexter Line, Elgin Water T. Plt 8652 1 2 2 3 6 17 3.1 38 9
18007 Tiverton 4th Concession/Bruce Rd. 23 8501 0 1 2 3 5 9 2.4 46 11
21005 Brantford 324 Grand River Ave. 8711 2 3 4 6 11 34 5.7 164 37
26060 Kitchener West Ave./Homewood Ave. 8536 2 3 5 7 15 50 7.5 173 61
27067 St. Catharines Argyle Cres., Pump Stn. 8646 2 4 5 8 16 52 8.2 177 75
28028 Guelph Exhibition St./Clark St. W. 8686 2 3 5 7 15 48 7.3 130 63
29000 Hamilton Downtown Elgin St./Kelly St. 8683 4 7 11 17 32 90 16.1 220 111
29114 Hamilton Mountain Vickers Rd./E. 18th St. 8647 3 4 6 10 19 49 9.2 110 61
29118 Hamilton West Main St. W./Hwy 403 8752 4 7 11 17 40 109 17.9 249 108
31103 Toronto Downtown Bay St./Wellesley St. W. 8700 6 9 13 18 29 61 15.9 182 65
33003 Toronto East Kennedy Rd./Lawrence Ave. E. 8593 4 8 12 18 34 98 17.5 333 100
34020 Toronto North Hendon Ave./Yonge St. 8610 3 7 11 17 32 77 15.4 252 95
35125 Toronto West 125 Resources Rd. 8662 6 10 17 25 48 134 23.8 339 135
44008 Burlington North Shore Blvd. E./Lakeshore Rd. 8693 3 6 9 15 30 83 14.2 183 83
44017 Oakville Eighth Line/Glenashton Dr., Halton Res. 8709 2 4 7 10 21 57 10.1 149 64
45026 Oshawa 2000 Simcoe St. N., Durham College 8695 2 4 6 9 18 47 8.8 140 46
46089 Brampton 525 Main St. N., Peel Manor 8697 3 5 7 13 30 85 13.1 219 108
46108 Mississauga 3359 Mississauga Rd. N., U Of T Campus 8669 2 4 7 12 26 78 12.2 201 85
47045 Barrie 83 Perry St. 8671 3 5 7 10 23 90 11.9 313 96
48006 Newmarket Eagle St. W./Mccaffrey Rd. 8719 2 3 5 8 17 50 8.1 151 51
49005 Parry Sound 7 Bay St. 8633 1 1 2 3 8 23 3.6 56 17
51001 Ottawa Downtown Rideau St./Wurtemburg St. 8709 2 4 5 9 18 49 8.6 142 66
51002 Ottawa Central 960 Carling Ave. 8605 2 3 4 7 16 50 7.2 108 39
52023 Kingston 23 Beechgrove Lane 8681 1 2 3 5 11 32 5.2 100 30
54012 Belleville 2 Sidney St., Water Treatment Plant 8512 2 3 4 7 13 43 6.7 145 37
56051 Cornwall Bedford St./3rd St. W. 8714 2 3 4 6 15 59 7.6 173 48
59006 Peterborough 10 Hospital Dr. 8587 1 2 4 6 12 39 5.9 121 37
63203 Thunder Bay 421 James St. S. 8499 3 4 7 11 25 59 11 139 71
71078 Sault Ste. Marie Sault College 8670 1 2 3 5 11 25 5.1 93 24
75010 North Bay Chippewa St. W., Dept. National Defence 8772 2 2 4 6 14 51 6.7 176 64
77233 Sudbury 155 Elm Street 8687 2 4 5 9 21 84 10.2 278 78

Note:
INS indicates there was insufficient data to calculate a valid annual mean.

Table A5: 2016 Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Annual Statistics

Unit: micrograms per cubic metre (μg/m3)
PM2.5 24h Reference Level: 28 μg/m3

ID City Location Valid h 10% 30% 50% 70% 90% 99% Mean 1h Max 24h Max No. of Times Above 24h Reference Level
12008 Windsor Downtown 467 University Ave. W. 8750 2 4 7 10 15 26 8.1 64 21 0
12016 Windsor West College Ave./South St. 8748 3 5 7 10 16 27 8.5 106 24 0
13001 Chatham 435 Grand Ave. W. 8588 2 4 6 8 13 21 6.6 36 20 0
14111 Sarnia 720 Christina St. N. 6374 2 4 6 8 13 24 INS 44 22 0
15020 Grand Bend Point Blake Conservation Area 8705 2 3 5 7 12 22 6 30 20 0
15026 London 42 St. Julien St. 8648 2 4 6 9 13 25 7.1 40 23 0
16015 Port Stanley 43665 Dexter Line, Elgin Water T. Plt 8620 2 4 5 8 12 21 6.5 41 17 0
18007 Tiverton 4th Concession/Bruce Rd. 23 8500 1 2 4 6 10 20 5.1 35 19 0
21005 Brantford 324 Grand River Ave. 8738 2 4 6 9 14 25 7.3 96 22 0
26060 Kitchener West Ave./Homewood Ave. 8514 2 4 6 9 14 26 7.3 41 23 0
27067 St. Catharines Argyle Cres., Pump Stn. 8051 2 4 6 8 13 24 6.9 38 23 0
28028 Guelph Exhibition St./Clark St. W. 8642 2 4 6 8 13 26 6.9 40 25 0
29000 Hamilton Downtown Elgin St./Kelly St. 8740 2 4 7 10 16 30 8.2 47 29 2
29114 Hamilton Mountain Vickers Rd./E. 18th St. 8755 2 4 6 9 14 26 7.2 48 25 0
29118 Hamilton West Main St. W./Hwy 403 8730 2 4 7 9 15 29 7.9 42 28 0
31103 Toronto Downtown Bay St./Wellesley St. W. 8646 2 4 6 8 13 23 7 36 22 0
33003 Toronto East Kennedy Rd./Lawrence Ave. E. 8583 3 4 6 8 13 25 7 54 27 0
34020 Toronto North Hendon Ave./Yonge St. 8612 2 4 6 9 14 26 7.3 46 26 0
35125 Toronto West 125 Resources Rd. 8708 2 4 6 8 13 25 7 43 24 0
44008 Burlington North Shore Blvd. E./Lakeshore Rd. 8753 2 4 6 9 15 27 7.6 45 27 0
44017 Oakville Eighth Line/Glenashton Dr., Halton Res. 8723 2 4 6 8 13 26 7 42 24 0
45026 Oshawa 2000 Simcoe St. N., Durham College 8645 1 3 5 7 12 23 5.9 70 22 0
46089 Brampton 525 Main St. N., Peel Manor 8634 2 4 5 8 14 27 6.8 45 24 0
46108 Mississauga 3359 Mississauga Rd. N., U Of T Campus 8716 2 4 6 9 14 26 7.2 47 24 0
47045 Barrie 83 Perry St. 8731 2 3 5 8 13 27 6.5 55 26 0
48006 Newmarket Eagle St. W./McCaffrey Rd. 8769 1 3 4 7 13 24 6 41 23 0
49005 Parry Sound 7 Bay St. 8616 1 2 4 5 10 18 4.8 37 16 0
49010 Dorset 1026 Bellwood Acres Rd. 8543 1 2 4 6 9 17 4.6 35 15 0
51001 Ottawa Downtown Rideau St./Wurtemburg St. 8661 2 3 5 7 12 23 5.9 37 27 0
51002 Ottawa Central 960 Carling Ave. 8502 2 3 4 7 12 22 5.6 41 28 1
51010 Petawawa Petawawa Research Forest Facility 8746 2 2 3 5 8 15 4.4 35 20 0
52023 Kingston 23 Beechgrove Lane 8680 2 3 5 7 11 19 5.8 28 19 0
54012 Belleville 2 Sidney St., Water Treatment Plant 8719 2 3 4 6 11 20 5.5 36 20 0
56051 Cornwall Bedford St./3rd St. W. 8720 2 4 5 7 12 25 6.4 55 31 1
59006 Peterborough 10 Hospital Dr. 8508 1 3 5 7 12 22 5.8 38 21 0
63203 Thunder Bay 421 James St. S. 8599 2 3 4 6 9 15 4.9 32 13 0
71078 Sault Ste. Marie Sault College 8708 2 3 4 6 10 19 4.9 58 16 0
75010 North Bay Chippewa St. W., Dept. National Defence 8761 1 2 4 5 9 17 4.6 28 17 0
77233 Sudbury 155 Elm Street 8731 2 3 4 6 11 21 5.4 64 17 0

Note:
Measurements taken by SHARP 5030.
INS indicates there was insufficient data in any one quarter to calculate a valid annual mean.

Table A6: 2016 Ozone (O3) Annual Statistics

Unit: parts per billion (ppb)
O3 1h AAQC: 80 ppb

ID City Location Valid h 10% 30% 50% 70% 90% 99% Mean 1h Max 24h Max No. of Times Above 1h Criterion
12008 Windsor Downtown 467 University Ave. W. 8749 9 20 27 34 47 68 27.7 95 55 7
12016 Windsor West College Ave./South St. 8745 9 20 27 34 47 68 27.7 95 54 15
13001 Chatham 435 Grand Ave. W. 8607 15 23 29 35 45 63 29.6 84 55 2
14111 Sarnia 720 Christina St. N. 6395 14 22 28 35 45 66 28.8 83 53 4
15020 Grand Bend Point Blake Conservation Area 8731 17 25 30 36 44 65 30.7 91 61 16
15026 London 42 St. Julien St. 8676 8 22 29 35 46 63 28.2 82 57 2
16015 Port Stanley 43665 Dexter Line, Elgin Water T. Plt 8672 18 27 32 38 48 68 32.9 84 68 7
18007 Tiverton 4th Concession/Bruce Rd. 23 8593 21 27 33 38 45 64 33.1 85 66 1
21005 Brantford 324 Grand River Ave. 8712 10 23 30 36 47 67 29.5 84 63 8
26060 Kitchener West Ave./Homewood Ave. 8539 12 23 29 35 45 63 28.8 81 57 2
27067 St. Catharines Argyle Cres., Pump Stn. 8639 13 24 30 36 46 64 29.8 80 66 0
28028 Guelph Exhibition St./Clark St. W. 8670 12 22 29 35 45 64 28.7 82 54 1
29000 Hamilton Downtown Elgin St./Kelly St. 8699 10 20 27 32 43 64 26.7 78 62 0
29114 Hamilton Mountain Vickers Rd./E. 18th St. 8706 14 23 29 35 45 65 29.5 76 58 0
29118 Hamilton West Main St. W./Hwy 403 8750 4 18 25 31 40 60 24.4 78 55 0
31103 Toronto Downtown Bay St./Wellesley St. W. 8706 11 19 25 31 40 61 25.6 81 49 1
33003 Toronto East Kennedy Rd./Lawrence Ave. E. 8661 8 19 25 31 42 65 25.5 99 50 4
34020 Toronto North Hendon Ave./Yonge St. 8663 9 19 26 32 42 64 25.9 85 55 3
35125 Toronto West 125 Resources Rd. 8697 4 14 21 28 40 61 22.1 79 50 0
44008 Burlington North Shore Blvd. E./Lakeshore Rd. 8692 10 21 28 34 44 64 27.6 80 56 0
44017 Oakville Eighth Line/Glenashton Dr., Halton Res. 8709 11 21 27 33 41 62 27.1 74 55 0
45026 Oshawa 2000 Simcoe St. N., Durham College 8698 12 21 27 33 41 62 27.2 81 54 2
46089 Brampton 525 Main St. N., Peel Manor 8696 9 20 27 34 43 64 27.1 79 55 0
46108 Mississauga 3359 Mississauga Rd. N., U Of T Campus 8679 6 19 27 33 42 63 26 79 56 0
47045 Barrie 83 Perry St. 8747 9 20 26 32 40 58 25.9 79 51 0
48006 Newmarket Eagle St. W./McCaffrey Rd. 8719 13 23 28 34 44 64 28.6 94 57 7
49005 Parry Sound 7 Bay St. 8664 15 25 30 35 42 58 29.6 74 57 0
49010 Dorset 1026 Bellwood Acres Rd. 8737 10 21 28 34 41 58 27.4 74 51 0
51001 Ottawa Downtown Rideau St./Wurtemburg St. 8707 10 19 26 32 40 55 25.6 73 58 0
51002 Ottawa Central 960 Carling Ave. 8593 10 19 26 32 40 54 25.5 71 58 0
51010 Petawawa Petawawa Research Forest Facility 8772 11 20 27 33 40 54 26.4 68 51 0
52023 Kingston 23 Beechgrove Lane 8639 15 25 30 36 45 63 30.5 82 62 2
54012 Belleville 2 Sidney St., Water Treatment Plant 8718 14 25 30 36 46 66 30.5 96 64 14
56051 Cornwall Bedford St./3rd St. W. 8714 10 21 28 34 41 56 27.1 74 58 0
59006 Peterborough 10 Hospital Dr. 8597 14 24 29 35 44 67 29.7 85 61 3
63203 Thunder Bay 421 James St. S. 8506 7 17 24 30 36 48 23.2 62 45 0
71078 Sault Ste. Marie Sault College 8676 14 22 28 32 39 52 27.3 80 51 0
75010 North Bay Chippewa St. W., Dept. National Defence 8772 11 20 27 33 40 57 26.4 78 56 0
77233 Sudbury 155 Elm Street 8692 11 20 26 31 38 53 25.1 80 51 0

Note:
INS indicates there was insufficient data in the 2nd and 3rd quarter to calculate a valid annual mean.

Table A7: 2016 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Annual Statistics

Unit: parts per billion (ppb)
SO2 1h AAQC: 250 ppb
SO2 24h AAQC: 100 ppb
SO2 1y AAQC: 20 ppb

ID City Location Valid h 10% 30% 50% 70% 90% 99% Mean 1h Max 24h Max No. of Times Above 1h Criterion No. of Times Above 24h Criterion No. of Times Above 1y Criterion
12008 Windsor Downtown 467 University Ave. W. 8749 0 0 0 1 3 13 1.1 44 12 0 0 0
12016 Windsor West College Ave./South St. 8745 0 0 0 1 5 12 1.4 33 10 0 0 0
14111 Sarnia 720 Christina St. N. 6442 0 0 0 0 4 29 INS 71 22 0 0 0
29000 Hamilton Downtown Elgin St./Kelly St. 8699 0 0 1 2 10 32 3.2 80 20 0 0 0
29114 Hamilton Mountain Vickers Rd./E. 18th St. 8691 0 0 0 1 5 23 1.8 57 18 0 0 0
35125 Toronto West 125 Resources Rd. 8686 0 0 1 1 1 3 0.6 10 3 0 0 0
51001 Ottawa Downtown Rideau St./Wurtemburg St. 8710 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 16 1 0 0 0
71078 Sault Ste. Marie Sault College 8689 0 0 0 0 1 13 0.6 32 8 0 0 0
77233 Sudbury 155 Elm Street 8701 0 0 0 0 5 36 2.1 243 23 0 0 0

Note:
INS indicates there was insufficient data to calculate a valid annual mean.

Table A8: 2016 Carbon Monoxide (CO) Annual Statistics

Unit: parts per million (ppm)
CO 1h AAQC: 30 ppm
CO 8h AAQC: 13 ppm

ID City Location Valid h 10% 30% 50% 70% 90% 99% Mean 1h Max 8h Max No. of Times Above 1h Criterion No. of Times Above 8h Criterion
12008 Windsor Downtown 467 University Ave. W. 8695 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.3 2.29 1.18 0 0
29000 Hamilton Downtown Elgin St./Kelly St. 8695 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 1.38 1.08 0 0
35125 Toronto West 125 Resources Rd. 8239 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 1.67 1.23 0 0
51001 Ottawa Downtown Rideau St./Wurtemburg St. 8602 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 0.93 0.68 0 0

Note:
INS indicates there was insufficient data to calculate a valid annual mean.

Table A9: 2016 Total Reduced Sulphur (TRS) Compounds Annual Statistics

Unit: parts per billion (ppb)

ID City Location Valid h 10% 30% 50% 70% 90% 99% Mean 1h Max 24h Max
12016 Windsor West College Ave./South St. 8754 0 0 0 0 1 4 0.3 15 3
14111 Sarnia 720 Christina St. N. 6393 0 0 0 0 0 1 INS 3 1
29000 Hamilton Downtown Elgin St./Kelly St. 8740 0 0 0 0 0 2 0.1 5 2
71078 Sault Ste. Marie Sault College 8688 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 1

Note:
INS indicates there was insufficient data to calculate a valid annual mean.

Table A10: 10 year Trend for NO

Annual Mean (ppb)

ID City/Town 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Change Over Time
12008 Windsor Downtown 6.4 5.9 5.6 4.7 4.5 4.7 3.7 4 3.5 3.1 -51%
12016 Windsor West 6.5 5.1 5.4 6.1 3.8 4.6 3.6 3.8 4.2 2.9 -48%
13001 Chatham 2.4 3.1 3.5 2.6 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.4 -58%
14111 Sarnia 3.2 3.2 2.8 2.2 3.1 2.1 1.7 1.9 2.4 INS -43%
15026 London 3.6 3.1 2.8 2.9 3.3 4.2 1.4 1.3 1.4 1 -68%
18007 Tiverton 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.1 1.3 0.3 0.6 rb
21005 Brantford 1.8 1.3 1.7 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2 0.9 1.3 0.8 -44%
26060 Kitchener 2.7 2.5 2.1 2.5 2 2.1 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.3 -49%
27067 St. Catharines 4.5 3.6 3.7 2.8 2.3 2.5 2.2 1.7 2.1 1.5 -67%
29000 Hamilton Downtown 7.7 6.5 5.8 5 4.8 4.6 4.3 3.9 1.3 4.2 -62%
29114 Hamilton Mountain 3.2 2.4 2.5 2.2 2.3 1.9 2 2 1.8 1.2 -50%
31103 Toronto Downtown 5.9 5 5.1 4.1 3.4 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.6 -64%
33003 Toronto East 10.8 9.2 7.8 7.8 7.6 6.6 5.7 6.2 5.8 5.4 -49%
34020 Toronto North 8.3 7.7 7.1 5.7 6.2 5 4.1 4.3 3.9 3.5 -61%
35125 Toronto West 17.5 16.2 13.5 13.4 12.4 11.3 8.6 9.5 9.2 8.2 -55%
44008 Burlington 8.8 6.5 5.9 5 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 3.9 3.9 -54%
44017 Oakville 3.9 4 3.5 3.6 2.7 3.4 2.1 3.4 2.7 1.8 -44%
45026 Oshawa 3.2 3.2 3 2.3 2.3 2.1 1.5 2 2.3 2.5 -37%
46089 Brampton 6 5.8 6.5 3.7 4.6 4.4 4.6 4 3.8 3.4 -43%
46108 Mississauga n/a 6.1 5.1 4.1 4.1 3.8 3.1 2.9 3.1 3.6 -52%
47045 Barrie 5.5 5.5 5.1 4.3 3.8 3.2 3.2 3.7 3.5 3.7 -43%
48006 Newmarket 2.2 2.6 3.2 2.3 2.2 2 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.6 -46%
51001 Ottawa Downtown 3.4 2.7 2.4 1.6 1.8 2.4 2.1 1.9 2 1.7 -40%
51002 Ottawa Central 2.4 2.7 1.8 1.4 1.5 2 2.8 1 1.6 1.5 -35%
52023 Kingston 0.6 1.1 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.9 0.7 -3%
54012 Belleville 3.2 3 1.9 2.3 2.3 1.6 1.7 1.2 1.5 1.8 -56%
56051 Cornwall 3.5 3.6 3.2 2 1.9 2.2 1.9 1.5 1.8 2.1 -57%
59006 Peterborough 2.3 3 1.9 1.7 2.2 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.3 -45%
63203 Thunder Bay 5.4 5.1 5.7 4.6 5.9 5.1 4.7 4.2 5.2 3.8 -22%
71078 Sault Ste. Marie 1.4 1.4 1.8 1.9 2 1.7 1.3 2 1.7 1 -8%
75010 North Bay 3.5 3.8 4.2 3.4 4 2.9 2.5 2.6 2.1 2 -50%

Notes:
n/a indicates data not available.
INS indicates there was insufficient data to calculate a valid annual mean.
rb indicates regional background measurements near detection limit of analyzer; trend is statistically insignificant.
Station 14111 replaced station 14064 as the Sarnia site in 2016.
Station 15026 replaced station 15025 as the London site in 2013.
Station 46108 replaced station 46109 as the Mississauga site in 2008.
Station 52023 replaced station 52022 as the Kingston site in 2014.

Table A11: 10 year Trend for NO2

Annual Mean (ppb)

ID City/Town 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Change Over Time
12008 Windsor Downtown 17.2 15.2 14.4 15.6 14.5 13.2 12.4 14 12.7 11.4 -27%
12016 Windsor West 16.1 16.2 13.2 14.5 12.9 11.4 11.5 11.8 11.4 10.6 -35%
13001 Chatham 8.6 7 7.5 6.4 6.6 5.7 6 6.8 6.8 5.4 -25%
14111 Sarnia 11.3 10.8 8.2 8 8.6 8.6 8.1 9 9.3 INS -20%
15026 London 11.7 10.8 9 8.8 8.3 6.3 6.4 6.9 6.6 5.4 -53%
18007 Tiverton 2.9 3 2.3 1.9 2.5 2.5 1.9 2.7 2.4 1.8 -25%
21005 Brantford 7.7 6.9 7.3 5.8 6.1 5.4 4.8 5.5 5.5 4.8 -36%
26060 Kitchener 9.7 9 8.6 7.7 7.7 7.1 6.7 7 6.8 6.2 -35%
27067 St. Catharines 12 10.4 9.9 9.1 8.5 8.1 7.7 7.3 7.3 6.6 -43%
29000 Hamilton Downtown 17 14.7 13.6 12.7 13.5 11.9 12.4 12.4 12.2 11.9 -26%
29114 Hamilton Mountain 11.9 10.5 9.9 8.9 9.9 8.6 9 9.3 9 7.9 -25%
31103 Toronto Downtown 18.2 17 16.5 16.1 14.9 13.4 13.5 14 13.4 13.3 -29%
33003 Toronto East 17.2 16.5 14.9 14.8 15.2 14 13.6 14.2 13.9 12.1 -24%
34020 Toronto North 16.7 16.5 15.8 14.3 15.4 13.4 12.9 13.4 12.9 12 -28%
35125 Toronto West 22.1 20.8 19 20.1 19.1 16.3 16.1 17.1 16.6 15.7 -29%
44008 Burlington 16 13.6 12.5 12.2 11.8 11 11 10.9 10.4 10.2 -33%
44017 Oakville 13 12 11.1 9.2 10.3 9.1 9.2 8.2 7.5 8.2 -41%
45026 Oshawa 8.1 8.5 7.4 7.2 7 5.6 5.9 6.8 6.6 6.3 -26%
46089 Brampton 13.9 13.1 13.3 10.7 11.3 10.4 9.1 10.6 9.9 9.7 -32%
46108 Mississauga n/a 12.3 12.2 10.4 10.6 9.6 9.5 9.2 9.2 8.6 -33%
47045 Barrie 11.5 10.8 9.9 8.7 8.6 8.1 7.8 8.1 7.4 8.1 -34%
48006 Newmarket 8.3 8 7.8 7.2 8.1 7.2 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.5 -21%
51001 Ottawa Downtown 8.7 11.4 8.6 7.4 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.4 7.4 6.9 -28%
51002 Ottawa Central 7.9 8.1 6.6 6.2 6.6 6.6 6.6 6 5.8 5.6 -27%
52023 Kingston 5.5 5.5 5 4.3 4.6 4 3.6 3.9 4.4 4.4 -27%
54012 Belleville 6.4 7.3 6 5.5 6.3 4.7 4.7 4.5 4.8 5.1 -33%
56051 Cornwall 7.6 7.5 7.3 6.5 6.5 6.1 6.2 5.6 5.3 5.5 -32%
59006 Peterborough 6.4 7 5.6 5 4.3 3.7 5 5.3 5.1 4.5 -29%
63203 Thunder Bay 8.7 8.1 8.4 7.8 8.6 7.3 7.3 7.8 7.5 7.1 -15%
71078 Sault Ste. Marie 5 5.5 5.1 5.5 5.3 4.8 5 5.3 4.8 4 -14%
75010 North Bay 7.4 7.5 8.2 7.6 7.4 6.1 5.8 5.6 5.6 4.7 -38%

Notes:
n/a indicates data not available.
INS indicates there was insufficient data to calculate a valid annual mean.
Station 14111 replaced station 14064 as the Sarnia site in 2016.
Station 15026 replaced station 15025 as the London site in 2013.
Station 46108 replaced station 46109 as the Mississauga site in 2008.
Station 52023 replaced station 52022 as the Kingston site in 2014.

Table A12: 10 year Trend for NOX

Annual Mean (ppb)

ID City/Town 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Change Over Time
12008 Windsor Downtown 23.6 21.1 20 20.2 18.9 17.8 16.2 18 16.2 14.5 -34%
12016 Windsor West 22.6 21.3 18.6 20.6 16.7 16 15.2 15.7 15.5 13.5 -39%
13001 Chatham 11 10.1 10.9 9 8.4 7.5 7.7 8.2 8.5 6.8 -35%
14111 Sarnia 14.5 13.9 11 10.2 11.7 10.7 9.8 10.9 11.7 INS -25%
15026 London 15.3 13.9 11.9 11.7 11.6 10.5 7.8 8.3 8 6.5 -56%
18007 Tiverton 3 3.3 2.7 2.6 3.4 3.1 2.1 4 2.9 2.4 7%
21005 Brantford 9.5 8.2 9.1 7.2 7.3 6.7 5.7 6.4 6.8 5.7 -38%
26060 Kitchener 12.4 11.5 10.8 10.3 9.6 9.2 8.3 8.5 8.4 7.5 -38%
27067 St. Catharines 16.5 14 13.7 11.8 10.9 10.6 9.9 9.1 9.4 8.2 -49%
29000 Hamilton Downtown 24.7 21.2 19.5 17.8 18.3 16.6 16.8 16.3 7.7 16.1 -46%
29114 Hamilton Mountain 15.1 12.9 12.4 11.2 12.2 10.5 11 11.3 10.9 9.2 -30%
31103 Toronto Downtown 24.2 22.1 21.6 20.3 18.4 16.2 16.1 16.5 16.1 15.9 -37%
33003 Toronto East 28 25.7 22.7 22.6 22.8 20.6 19.4 20.4 19.7 17.5 -33%
34020 Toronto North 25 24.3 22.8 20 21.5 18.5 17 17.7 16.9 15.4 -39%
35125 Toronto West 39.6 37 32.5 33.5 31.5 27.6 24.7 26.5 25.7 23.8 -40%
44008 Burlington 24.8 20 18.4 17.2 16.4 15.6 15.6 15.5 14.3 14.2 -40%
44017 Oakville 16.9 16.1 14.6 12.8 13 12.6 11.2 11.6 10.1 10.1 -41%
45026 Oshawa 11.3 11.7 10.4 9.5 9.2 7.8 7.4 8.8 8.9 8.8 -29%
46089 Brampton 19.9 18.9 19.9 14.4 15.9 14.8 13.9 14.6 13.7 13.1 -36%
46108 Mississauga n/a 18.4 17.3 14.5 14.7 13.4 12.6 12.1 12.3 12.2 -39%
47045 Barrie 17 16.3 15.1 13.1 12.4 11.3 11 11.8 10.9 11.9 -37%
48006 Newmarket 10.4 10.4 11 9.5 10.3 9.2 8.4 8.2 8.5 8.1 -26%
51001 Ottawa Downtown 12 14 11 9 9.7 10.2 10.1 9.3 9.5 8.6 -30%
51002 Ottawa Central 10.2 10.8 8.4 7.5 8.1 8.7 9.4 7.1 7.5 7.2 -28%
52023 Kingston 6.3 6.5 5.7 4.7 5.3 4.6 3.8 4.8 5.3 5.2 -24%
54012 Belleville 9.6 10.2 7.9 7.8 8.7 6.4 6.3 5.7 6.2 6.7 -41%
56051 Cornwall 11 11.1 10.6 8.5 8.4 8.4 8 7 7.1 7.6 -39%
59006 Peterborough 8.6 10 7.5 6.7 6.6 5.4 6.6 7.1 6.6 5.9 -33%
63203 Thunder Bay 14.1 13.2 14.1 12.4 14.5 12.4 12 11.9 12.7 11 -18%
71078 Sault Ste. Marie 6.4 6.9 6.9 7.4 7.2 6.4 6.3 7.3 6.6 5.1 -13%
75010 North Bay 10.9 11.3 12.4 11 11.5 9.1 8.3 8.1 7.8 6.7 -42%

Notes:
INS indicates there was insufficient data to calculate a valid annual mean.
n/a indicates data not available.
Station 14111 replaced station 14064 as the Sarnia site in 2016.
Station 15026 replaced station 15025 as the London site in 2013.
Station 46108 replaced station 46109 as the Mississauga site in 2008.
Station 52023 replaced station 52022 as the Kingston site in 2014.

Table A13: 10 year Summary for PM2.5

Annual Mean (µg/m3)

ID City/Town 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
12008 Windsor Downtown 9.5 8.3 7.2 7.7 7.6 7.4 9.2 10.1 9.3 8.1
12016 Windsor West 9.8 8.9 7.4 7.8 7.8 7.6 10 10.7 9.9 8.5
13001 Chatham 7.9 7.3 6.3 6.5 6.6 6 8.1 8.6 8.1 6.6
14111 Sarnia 12.2 11.4 9.8 10.4 10.5 10.2 8.5 (7.0*) 9.0 (6.7*) 8.4 (7.1*) INS
15020 Grand Bend 6.7 6.8 5.8 6.1 6.1 5.8 7.3 8.1 7.7 6
15026 London 6.5 6.8 5.7 INS 6.2 6.5 9.1 8.8 8.3 7.1
16015 Port Stanley 7.2 6.7 5.6 5.9 6 5.9 7.4 (5.3*) 8.2 (5.6*) 8.0 (5.3*) 6.5
18007 Tiverton 5.6 5 4 4.5 4.7 INS 5.8 6.5 6.4 5.1
21005 Brantford 7.7 6.8 5.8 6.5 6.6 6.2 8.5 9.2 8.7 7.3
26060 Kitchener 8 7.1 5.8 6.3 6.2 6 8.7 9.3 8.8 7.3
27067 St. Catharines 8.2 7.4 6 6.5 6.3 6.3 8.5 8.8 8.4 6.9
28028 Guelph 7.5 6.5 5.6 5.7 5.9 5.8 8.1 8.9 8.4 6.9
29000 Hamilton Downtown 8.9 8.3 6.8 7.7 8.1 8.3 10.1 (7.8*) 10.8 (8.5) 10.2 (7.3*) 8.2
29114 Hamilton Mountain 7.8 7.3 6.3 6.2 6.7 6.5 9.2 9.4 9 7.2
29118 Hamilton West 8.3 7.6 6.1 6.8 7.1 7.3 9.6 9.9 9.9 7.9
31103 Toronto Downtown 7.3 6.6 5.6 6 6.2 6.4 8.3 8.7 8.4 7
33003 Toronto East 7.8 6.7 5.9 6.7 6.2 6.3 8.2 8.9 8.5 7
34020 Toronto North 7.8 7.3 5.9 6.2 7.7 7.3 8.3 9.2 9.4 7.3
35125 Toronto West 8.4 7.5 6.1 6.5 6.9 7.1 8.8 (6.6*) 9.1 (6.7*) 8.5 (6.8*) 7
44008 Burlington 7.3 6.9 5.9 6.2 6.2 6.4 8.7 9.6 9.4 7.6
44017 Oakville 7.6 6.7 5.3 5.7 6.4 6.1 8 8.5 8.3 7
45026 Oshawa 6.8 6.3 5.2 5.6 5.5 5.5 7.4 7.7 7.5 5.9
46089 Brampton 7.4 6.8 5.6 5.8 6 5.7 8.5 8.9 8.4 6.8
46108 Mississauga 7.2 7.1 5.8 6.1 6 6 7.9 8.7 8.5 7.2
47045 Barrie 6.9 6.1 5.2 5.4 5.7 5.6 7.5 7.6 7.6 6.5
48006 Newmarket 6.6 6 5.1 5.6 5.5 5.6 7.3 7.3 7.1 6
49005 Parry Sound 5.5 4.7 3.9 4.4 4.7 4.8 5.8 5.8 5.7 4.8
49010 Dorset 5 4.5 3.6 4 4.1 4.1 5.4 5.3 5.6 4.6
51001 Ottawa Downtown 6 5.3 4.6 4.5 4.9 4.8 7.0 (5.1*) 7.0 (4.8*) 6.9 (5.1*) 5.9
51002 Ottawa Central 5.8 5.1 4.4 4.3 4.5 5 7.1 6.8 6.9 5.6
51010 Petawawa 4 3.9 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.6 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.4
52023 Kingston 7.5 7 6.4 6.5 6.9 6.8 6.5 6.8 6.3 5.8
54012 Belleville 6.2 6.1 4.9 INS 4.8 5.1 6.9 6.8 6.6 5.5
56051 Cornwall 6.4 6.1 5.4 5.7 5.7 5.4 7.7 (5.2*) 7.0 (5.1*) 6.9 (4.7*) 6.4
59006 Peterborough 6.4 6 4.9 5.1 5.5 4.9 7.4 6.9 6.8 5.8
63203 Thunder Bay 4.4 4.2 3.8 4.1 4.8 4.1 6.3 6.6 6.5 4.9
71078 Sault Ste. Marie 5.3 4.4 4 4.1 4.4 4.4 5.6 6 5.9 4.9
75010 North Bay 5 4.6 3.8 3.8 4.2 4.1 5.2 (3.8*) 5.3 (3.8*) 5.3 (4.0*) 4.6
77233 Sudbury 4.9 4.1 3.4 3.6 4 4 5.7 6 6.3 5.4

Notes:
* For data comparison purposes, measurements were taken by Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM) sampler at selected sites. From 2004-2012, measurements taken by TEOM sampler operated at 30°C with a Sample Equilibration System (SES).
As of 2013, measurements taken by Synchronized Hybrid Ambient Real-time Particulate (SHARP) 5030.
Due to change in the PM2.5 monitoring method in 2013, it is inappropriate to calculate a change over time.
INS indicates there was insufficient data in any one quarter to calculate a valid annual mean.
Station 14111 replaced station 14064 as the Sarnia site in 2016.
Station 15026 replaced station 15025 as the London site in 2013.
Station 46108 replaced station 46109 as the Mississauga site in 2008.
Station 52023 replaced station 52022 as the Kingston site in 2014.
Station 77233 replaced station 77219 as the Sudbury site in 2013.

Table A14: 10 year Trend for O3

Annual Mean (ppb)

ID City/Town 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Change Over Time
12008 Windsor Downtown 27 26.9 24.8 28 27.2 28 26.9 26 27 27.7 2%
12016 Windsor West 25.3 25.9 24.9 26.7 26.4 28 26.7 27.2 26.5 27.7 8%
13001 Chatham 30.9 30.9 28.8 31.9 29.7 29.5 29.6 29.3 29.6 29.6 -4%
14111 Sarnia 28.6 28.7 26.6 30.7 29.7 29.7 28.6 27.1 27.8 28.8 -2%
15020 Grand Bend 31.7 31.3 29.6 35 32.8 33.2 32.3 31 30.4 30.7 -3%
15026 London 27.2 27 25.1 28.2 26.8 27.7 28.7 28.1 27.9 28.2 7%
16015 Port Stanley 34.3 34.3 30.9 34.6 32.8 33.1 33.9 32.3 32.8 32.9 -3%
18007 Tiverton 34.3 32.6 31.4 33.8 32.1 32 32.4 31.8 32.5 33.1 -2%
21005 Brantford 28.9 28.4 26.5 29.4 28.7 28.8 29 29.4 28.9 29.5 4%
26060 Kitchener 28.6 28.1 27 29.4 27.6 28 28 27.3 27.9 28.8 0%
27067 St. Catharines 28.1 27.5 25.6 28.3 28 28.7 28.6 28.5 28.6 29.8 8%
28028 Guelph 28.1 27.9 27.3 30.7 28.9 28.8 29 27.8 27.7 28.7 0%
29000 Hamilton Downtown 24.8 25.1 24.3 26.9 25.4 25.7 25 25.3 25.9 26.7 5%
29114 Hamilton Mountain 29.2 29 27.2 29.7 28.8 30.2 29.5 29.1 29.4 29.5 3%
29118 Hamilton West 23 23.3 21.8 24.5 24.2 24.2 24.4 22.7 23.9 24.4 5%
31103 Toronto Downtown 25.7 26 24.6 26.1 25.4 26.6 26.2 25.7 25.7 25.6 1%
33003 Toronto East 23.2 21.6 22.1 23 23.3 24.6 24.1 23.4 23.5 25.5 11%
34020 Toronto North 24.5 22.7 22.1 24.8 23.6 25.7 25.3 25.3 25.7 25.9 12%
35125 Toronto West 21.1 20.7 19.5 20.6 20.1 21.5 21.5 21.1 21.3 22.1 7%
44008 Burlington 24.6 24.9 24.1 26.6 25.9 26.7 26.4 25.5 26.5 27.6 10%
44017 Oakville 27.5 27 25.5 28 26.8 27.7 28.3 27.2 27.4 27.1 2%
45026 Oshawa 28 27 25.5 28 26.6 27 27.2 27.2 26.2 27.2 -1%
46089 Brampton 26.8 26.6 25.2 27.5 26.1 26.6 26.7 26.5 26.5 27.1 1%
46108 Mississauga 23.3 24.6 24 25.9 24.1 25.6 25.2 25.4 25.4 26 8%
47045 Barrie 25.9 26.5 24.3 26.8 25.3 26.3 25.5 25.6 25.4 25.9 -1%
48006 Newmarket 31.7 29.5 28.6 31.5 27.8 29.4 28.7 28.6 28.5 28.6 -8%
49005 Parry Sound 31.8 32.1 29.7 31.3 29.7 30.1 30.4 29.6 30.4 29.6 -6%
49010 Dorset 29.9 29.3 27.7 28.6 27 28 28.1 27.7 27 27.4 -7%
51001 Ottawa Downtown 24.7 23.3 23.4 25.7 24.2 26 25.6 24.8 25.6 25.6 7%
51002 Ottawa Central 26.5 27.4 24.7 26.6 24.8 25.6 26.6 26.6 27 25.5 0%
51010 Petawawa 28.3 27.6 27.3 27.9 26.7 27.7 27.6 26.8 26.7 26.4 -5%
52023 Kingston 33.9 32.7 30.3 32.6 30.3 32.7 30.3 31.4 30.3 30.5 -8%
54012 Belleville 32 29.8 28.5 30 27.9 28 29.2 29.6 29.6 30.5 -2%
56051 Cornwall 28.3 26.6 25.5 27.9 26.1 27.1 26.9 27.3 27.9 27.1 1%
59006 Peterborough 27.6 28.2 27.7 30.5 27.9 29.1 28.6 29.2 29.3 29.7 6%
63203 Thunder Bay 24.2 23 24.2 25.7 25.2 25 26.3 23.4 24 23.2 -1%
71078 Sault Ste. Marie 29.7 28.9 27.8 28.4 27.8 28.8 28.9 28.4 27.8 27.3 -5%
75010 North Bay 27.1 27.7 26.1 28 26.7 26.1 27.4 26.7 27 26.4 -2%
77233 Sudbury 28.1 27.9 25.9 28.7 28.7 28.5 27.2 26.3 25.7 25.1 -9%

Notes:
Station 14111 replaced station 14064 as the Sarnia site in 2016.
Station 15026 replaced station 15025 as the London site in 2013.
Station 46108 replaced station 46109 as the Mississauga site in 2008.
Station 52023 replaced station 52022 as the Kingston site in 2014.
Station 77233 replaced station 77219 as the Sudbury site in 2013.

Table A15: 10 year Trend for O3 Summer Means (May - September)

Summer Mean (ppb)

ID City/Town 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Change Over Time
12008 Windsor Downtown 36.3 34.1 30.4 34.6 33.8 36.8 32.5 30.9 33.3 33.4 -5%
12016 Windsor West 33.5 32.1 29.5 31.8 31.9 35.7 30.9 30.9 31.8 33 0%
13001 Chatham 38.2 36.7 32.6 36.5 34.4 36.6 34.2 32.4 34.4 32.9 -10%
14111 Sarnia 34.2 33 28.6 34.3 32.9 36.6 32 29.4 31.1 32.1 -5%
15020 Grand Bend 34.9 32.4 29.7 37.8 33.9 38.9 33.1 31.5 32.3 32 -4%
15026 London 33.2 31.6 28.4 32.5 30.7 34.4 30.9 29.5 31 30.4 -4%
16015 Port Stanley 40.4 38.8 33.2 38.9 35.5 38.4 36.9 33.7 35.6 35.2 -10%
18007 Tiverton 38.3 34 30.3 33.3 31.7 36 32.5 30.8 33.3 34.1 -6%
21005 Brantford 33.6 31 27.5 31.6 31.1 33.5 30.1 29.9 31.2 32.2 0%
26060 Kitchener 34.2 31 28.8 31.6 30.2 33.5 29.8 28.5 30.2 31.8 -5%
27067 St. Catharines 33.9 31.2 27.7 32 31.2 35 31.2 29.5 31.7 33.2 1%
28028 Guelph 33.1 30.4 28.7 32.5 31.3 34.5 30.4 28.9 30.2 31.2 -3%
29000 Hamilton Downtown 30.8 29.8 28.2 31.6 28.7 32.4 28.4 27.5 29.5 30.6 -2%
29114 Hamilton Mountain 36.1 33.6 31 34.4 32.3 37.4 32.5 31.6 33.9 33.2 -3%
29118 Hamilton West 26.9 26.7 23.9 27.9 26.2 29.2 26.4 22.7 26.5 27.1 -2%
31103 Toronto Downtown 33.2 30.9 27.9 31.1 29.5 33.3 30.1 28.9 30.8 29.6 -5%
33003 Toronto East 28.3 24.9 25.2 26.7 27.4 30.6 27.1 25.9 27.7 29.7 8%
34020 Toronto North 29.9 26.4 25.6 28 27.5 32.7 29.4 28.6 30.7 30.7 12%
35125 Toronto West 25.9 24.8 22.5 24.3 23.6 27.5 24.4 23.5 25 25.9 2%
44008 Burlington 30 28.3 26.7 30.2 29.2 32.5 29.2 27.4 30.1 30.5 4%
44017 Oakville 32.8 30.8 28.2 31.5 29.9 34.2 30.6 28.3 30.2 29.9 -5%
45026 Oshawa 31.5 28.3 26.4 29.5 28.5 31.1 28.3 27.9 28.9 29.4 -1%
46089 Brampton 31.9 31 28.5 30.8 29.3 32.7 29.5 28.9 30.3 31.2 -2%
46108 Mississauga 28.6 27.3 26.2 29 26.7 30.4 26.5 26.5 28 28.5 0%
47045 Barrie 28.6 30 25 27.9 26.2 29.7 25.6 25.4 26.8 27.4 -7%
48006 Newmarket 36 32.1 30.9 34.4 30.5 34.2 30.3 29.4 31.2 31.7 -10%
49005 Parry Sound 33.6 32.2 28.6 30.4 28.7 32.8 30.1 28.2 31.4 28.9 -8%
49010 Dorset 30 27.2 25 25.2 23.8 28.3 25.3 24.4 24.6 25.1 -12%
51001 Ottawa Downtown 28.2 24.9 24.6 26.1 25.1 29.3 26.5 24.6 27.8 27.5 4%
51002 Ottawa Central 27.9 25.3 26.3 25.4 29.4 27 26.2 26.2 28.7 26.7 3%
51010 Petawawa 26.7 24.7 24.4 23.8 22.8 28.1 24.5 22.9 24.4 23.4 -7%
52023 Kingston 39.3 35.4 32.5 35.9 32 38.5 32.4 32.7 32.2 33.3 -12%
54012 Belleville 37 32.3 30.6 34.2 29.9 32.7 30.6 30.4 33.2 33.7 -5%
56051 Cornwall 31.1 27.6 27.1 29.8 26.7 30.7 28.1 27 29.7 28.7 -1%
59006 Peterborough 30 31.6 29.2 32 29.8 34.2 29.5 30 31.5 32.3 4%
63203 Thunder Bay 24.6 21.3 24.2 23.9 24.2 25.3 24.7 22.7 23.6 22 -3%
71078 Sault Ste. Marie 31.5 28.4 27.5 27.2 26.4 30.3 28.2 27.4 28.1 26.3 -8%
75010 North Bay 28.5 28.3 26.5 28.4 26.3 28.5 26.9 26.2 27.8 26.4 -5%
77233 Sudbury 29.5 26 25.7 26.3 26.9 29.8 28 27 27.7 26.6 0%

Notes:
INS indicates there was insufficient data to calculate a valid summer mean.
Station 14111 replaced station 14064 as the Sarnia site in 2016.
Station 15026 replaced station 15025 as the London site in 2013.
Station 46108 replaced station 46109 as the Mississauga site in 2008.
Station 52023 replaced station 52022 as the Kingston site in 2014.
Station 77233 replaced station 77219 as the Sudbury site in 2013.

Table A16: 10 year Trend for O3 Winter Means (January-April, October-December)

Winter Mean (ppb)

ID City/Town 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Change Over Time
12008 Windsor Downtown 20.3 21.7 20.8 23.2 22.5 21.7 22.8 22.8 22.4 23.6 11%
12016 Windsor West 19.4 21.5 21.6 22.8 22.5 22.3 23.4 24.5 22.7 23.9 17%
13001 Chatham 25.4 26.8 26.1 28.5 26.7 24.3 26.2 27.1 26.3 27.2 2%
14111 Sarnia 24.7 25.5 25.2 28.1 27.4 24.7 26.2 25.4 25.4 INS 1%
15020 Grand Bend 29.4 30.5 29.5 33 32.1 29.1 31.8 30.6 29.1 29.8 -1%
15026 London 22.8 23.7 22.8 25 24.2 22.9 26.9 27.1 25.8 26.6 18%
16015 Port Stanley 30 31 29.4 31.5 31 29.3 31.8 31.3 31.2 31.2 4%
18007 Tiverton 31.5 31.7 32.3 34.1 32.2 29.2 32.4 32.7 31.9 32.4 1%
21005 Brantford 25.5 26.6 25.8 27.8 27.1 25.4 28.3 28.8 27.2 27.7 8%
26060 Kitchener 24.6 26 25.9 27.8 25.7 24 26.7 26.5 26.1 26.6 4%
27067 St. Catharines 24.1 24.9 24.1 25.6 25.8 24.1 26.8 27.9 26.3 27.2 14%
28028 Guelph 24.8 26.1 26.4 29.3 27.2 24.8 28 27 26 26.8 3%
29000 Hamilton Downtown 20.5 21.7 21.5 23.5 23.1 20.9 22.5 23.7 23.3 23.9 12%
29114 Hamilton Mountain 24.2 25.7 24.5 26.3 26.3 25 27.3 27.3 26.3 26.8 10%
29118 Hamilton West 20.1 20.9 20.4 22.1 22.7 20.6 23 22.8 22.1 22.5 11%
31103 Toronto Downtown 20.4 22.2 22.4 22.4 22.6 21.8 23.5 23.5 22 22.7 7%
33003 Toronto East 19.5 19.3 19.9 20.4 20.4 20.3 22 21.6 20.5 22.5 14%
34020 Toronto North 20.7 20.1 19.5 22.5 20.8 20.7 22.3 22.8 22.1 22.6 13%
35125 Toronto West 17.7 17.7 17.4 18 17.7 17.2 19.5 19.4 18.6 19.4 11%
44008 Burlington 20.7 22.5 22.3 23.9 23.5 22.5 24.4 24.1 23.8 25.6 16%
44017 Oakville 23.7 24.4 23.6 25.5 24.7 23.1 26.6 26.5 25.3 25.1 8%
45026 Oshawa 25.6 25.7 24.9 26.9 25.2 24.1 26.4 26.7 24.3 25.6 -1%
46089 Brampton 23.1 23.4 22.8 25.2 23.8 22.2 24.6 24.8 23.8 24.1 4%
46108 Mississauga 19.2 22.8 22.5 23.7 22.5 22.2 24.3 24.7 23.6 24.2 16%
47045 Barrie 24 24.2 23.8 26 24.7 23.9 25.5 25.8 24.4 24.8 4%
48006 Newmarket 28.6 27.6 27.1 29.4 25.8 26 27.5 28.1 26.6 26.3 -5%
49005 Parry Sound 30.6 32 30.5 31.9 30.4 28.1 30.6 30.6 29.8 30 -4%
49010 Dorset 30.1 30.7 29.6 31 29.5 27.7 30.1 30.1 28.8 29 -4%
51001 Ottawa Downtown 22 22.2 22.6 25.5 23.6 23.5 24.9 25.1 24 24.3 11%
51002 Ottawa Central 25.6 27 24.1 26.8 24.5 22.9 26.3 26.9 25.8 24.5 -2%
51010 Petawawa 29.5 29.6 29.5 30.8 29.5 27.5 29.9 29.6 28.5 28.6 -4%
52023 Kingston 30.1 30.6 28.6 30 29 28.6 28.8 30.4 28.9 28.5 -4%
54012 Belleville 28.4 28 26.9 27 26.4 24.6 28.2 29.1 27 28.2 1%
56051 Cornwall 26.3 26 24.5 26.5 25.7 24.2 25.7 27.6 26.6 26 3%
59006 Peterborough 25.9 26 26.7 29.5 26.6 25.5 28 28.6 27.7 27.8 7%
63203 Thunder Bay 23.9 24.3 24.2 27.1 26.1 24.7 27.4 23.8 24.2 24.2 0%
71078 Sault Ste. Marie 28.6 29.3 28.4 29.3 28.9 27.6 29.4 29.2 27.7 28 -3%
75010 North Bay 26.2 27.2 25.8 27.7 27 24.4 27.8 27.1 26.4 26.4 0%
77233 Sudbury 27.2 29.3 26 30.5 30 27.6 26.6 25.8 24.3 24 -15%

Notes:
INS indicates there was insufficient data to calculate a valid winter mean.
Station 14111 replaced station 14064 as the Sarnia site in 2016.
Station 15026 replaced station 15025 as the London site in 2013.
Station 46108 replaced station 46109 as the Mississauga site in 2008.
Station 52023 replaced station 52022 as the Kingston site in 2014.
Station 77233 replaced station 77219 as the Sudbury site in 2013.

Table A17: 10 year Trend for SO2

Annual Mean (ppb)
SO2 1y AAQC: 20 ppb

ID City/Town 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Change Over Time
12008 Windsor Downtown 5.5 4.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 2.8 2.4 2.4 1.9 1.1 -74%
12016 Windsor West 5.2 4.7 3.6 3.2 3.4 2.8 2.6 2.8 1.9 1.4 -69%
14111 Sarnia 8 7.7 4.5 3.9 5.3 4.1 3.8 3.5 3.2 INS -70%
29000 Hamilton Downtown 4.2 4.3 3.3 3.3 5.2 4.8 4.8 5.1 4.3 3.2 5%
29114 Hamilton Mountain 3.5 3 3 2.9 4.1 3.7 2.8 2.9 2.6 1.8 -30%
35125 Toronto West 1.5 1.4 1.2 0.9 1.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 1 0.6 -57%
51001 Ottawa Downtown 0.9 1 0.9 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0 -92%
71078 Sault Ste. Marie 1.8 1.2 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.6 -56%
77233 Sudbury 2.3 2 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.3 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.1 39%

Notes:
n/a indicates pollutant not monitored.
INS indicates there was insufficient data to calculate a valid annual mean.
Station 14111 replaced station 14064 as the Sarnia site in 2016.
Station 77233 replaced station 77219 as the Sudbury site in 2013.

Table A18: 10 year Trend for CO

1h Maximum (ppm)
CO 1h AAQC: 30 ppm

ID City/Town 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Change Over Time
12008 Windsor Downtown 5 1.3 1.4 2.5 3.8 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.3 -39%
29000 Hamilton Downtown 6 3.3 5 2.2 1.8 1.7 2 2.9 1.3 1.4 -80%
35125 Toronto West 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.7 -6%
51001 Ottawa Downtown 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 -49%

Table A19: PM2.5 and Ozone CAAQS Metric Values for Designated Sites Across Ontario (2016)

City/Town 24h PM2.5 (micrograms per cubic metre) Annual PM2.5 (micrograms per cubic metre) 8h Ozone (parts per billion)
Windsor Downtown 21 9.1 71*
Sarnia 22 8.7 64*
Chatham 17 7.8 67*
London 21 8.1 68*
Brantford 21 8.4 69*
Kitchener 22 8.5 66*
Guelph 23 8.1 67*
St. Catharines 19 8.1 65*
Hamilton Downtown 25 9.8 65*
Hamilton Mountain 21 8.6 67*
Burlington 22 8.9 65*
Oakville 21 7.9 65*
Mississauga 22 8.1 65*
Brampton 23 8 66*
Toronto 23 8.6 68*
Oshawa 19 7.1 64*
Barrie 19 7.3 62
Peterborough 17 6.5 68*
Kingston 15 6.3 66*
Ottawa Downtown 19 6.6 57
Sudbury 15 5.9 62
Sault Ste. Marie 14 4.9 61
Thunder Bay 13 6 52

Note:
Designated sites normally refer to communities with populations greater than 100,000.
Sarnia’s PM2.5 metrics are based on a two-year average.
Toronto reporting is based on Toronto Downtown, Toronto North, Toronto East and Toronto West stations.
The CAAQS for 24h PM2.5 is based on the 98th percentile measurement annually, averaged over three consecutive years.
The CAAQS for annual PM2.5 is based on the annual mean averaged over three consecutive years.
The CAAQS for ozone is based on the consecutive three year average of the annual 4th highest daily maximum eight-hour running average.
Asterisk indicates an exceedance of the CAAQS.

Table A20: 2016 Air Quality Health Index Summary

Station ID City/Town No. of Valid Hours Low Risk AQHI=1 Low Risk AQHI=2 Low Risk AQHI=3 Moderate Risk AQHI=4 Moderate Risk AQHI=5 Moderate Risk AQHI=6 High Risk AQHI=7 High Risk AQHI=8 High Risk AQHI=9 High Risk AQHI=10 No. of Days At Least 1 Hour > 6
12008 Windsor Downtown 8514 2.22 32.83 49.72 13.52 1.53 0.11 0.08 0 0 0 3
12016 Windsor West 8733 1.68 36.79 48.87 11.19 1.21 0.05 0.21 0 0 0 7
13001 Chatham 8585 8.75 58.02 28.7 4.19 0.31 0 0.02 0 0 0 1
14111 Sarnia 6368 7.57 50.53 32.63 7.8 1.16 0.24 0.06 0 0 0 2
15020 Grand Bend 8709 14.85 64.45 17.33 2.8 0.39 0 0.18 0 0 0 5
15026 London 8540 12.01 55.5 28.62 3.51 0.33 0 0.02 0 0 0 2
16015 Port Stanley 8564 10.68 60.58 23.65 4.41 0.6 0 0.08 0 0 0 3
18007 Tiverton 8400 14.18 65.43 17.55 2.54 0.3 0 0.01 0 0 0 1
21005 Brantford 8738 11.82 53.64 30 3.91 0.54 0 0.09 0 0 0 3
26060 Kitchener 8507 8.21 54.39 31.77 5.17 0.43 0 0.02 0 0 0 1
27067 St. Catharines 7936 4.88 52.77 35.65 6.12 0.58 0 0 0 0 0 0
28028 Guelph 8601 10.06 52.51 32.22 4.93 0.28 0 0.01 0 0 0 1
29000 Hamilton Downtown 8713 2.39 36.26 45.35 13.18 2.58 0.25 0 0 0 0 0
29114 Hamilton Mountain 8696 3.85 48.68 38.37 8.2 0.9 0 0 0 0 0 0
29118 Hamilton West 8727 4.01 42.42 42.16 9.72 1.6 0.09 0 0 0 0 0
31103 Toronto Downtown 8644 2.58 32.67 50.97 11.23 2.23 0.27 0.05 0 0 0 2
33003 Toronto East 8502 3.45 40.81 42.79 10.03 2.55 0.32 0.04 0 0 0 2
34020 Toronto North 7739 5.18 38.02 39.91 13.37 3.2 0.23 0.08 0 0 0 4
35125 Toronto West 8673 2.25 33.19 49.22 12.48 2.63 0.22 0.01 0 0 0 0
44008 Burlington 8739 3.3 40.41 45.06 9.47 1.66 0.1 0 0 0 0 0
44017 Oakville 8642 6.9 51.7 34.3 6.2 0.86 0.05 0 0 0 0 0
45026 Oshawa 8647 12.79 57.72 24.92 4.09 0.45 0 0.02 0 0 0 1
46089 Brampton 7828 4.62 47.42 35.96 10.69 1.25 0.05 0 0 0 0 0
46108 Mississauga 8701 5.96 54.87 32.42 5.73 1.01 0 0 0 0 0 0
47045 Barrie 8641 11.32 53.65 27.31 6.5 1.12 0.09 0 0 0 0 0
48006 Newmarket 8774 10.43 55.92 27.07 5.89 0.6 0.01 0.08 0 0 0 3
49005 Parry Sound 8556 19.69 63.49 15.05 1.75 0.01 0 0 0 0 0 0
49010 Dorset 8540 25.28 60.78 12.73 1.21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
51001 Ottawa Downtown 8652 16.17 54.05 25.53 4.11 0.14 0 0 0 0 0 0
51002 Ottawa Central 8482 19.58 59.18 18.97 2.26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
51010 Petawawa 8745 28.83 60.03 10.34 0.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
52023 Kingston 8615 11.11 61.45 23.37 3.81 0.24 0 0.02 0 0 0 2
54012 Belleville 8504 7.47 64.72 23.54 3.89 0.2 0.01 0.16 0 0 0 4
56051 Cornwall 8724 15.49 57.3 23.93 2.98 0.28 0.02 0 0 0 0 0
59006 Peterborough 8547 14.22 57.28 23.79 4.01 0.67 0 0.04 0 0 0 3
63203 Thunder Bay 8533 21.56 54.61 22.4 1.42 0.01 0 0 0 0 0 0
71078 Sault Ste. Marie 8680 20.58 62.05 16.27 1 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0
75010 North Bay 8761 23.25 58.36 16.41 1.86 0.11 0 0 0 0 0 0
77233 Sudbury 8702 16.71 59.68 19.02 3.67 0.87 0.06 0 0 0 0 0

Table A21: 2016 Air Quality Alert Summary

Air Quality Forecast Region SAQS SAHA
Algonquin 0 0
Atikokan - Upsala - Quetico 0 0
Attawapiskat 0 0
Bancroft - Bon Echo Park 0 0
Barrie - Orillia - Midland 0 0
Belleville - Quinte - Northumberland 1 0
Big Trout Lake - Sachigo Lake 0 0
Brockville - Leeds and Grenville 0 0
Burk’s Falls - Bayfield Inlet 0 0
Chapleau - Gogama 0 0
City of Hamilton 1 0
City of Ottawa 0 0
City of Thunder Bay 0 0
City of Toronto 1 1
Cornwall - Morrisburg 0 0
Dryden - Ignace 0 0
Dufferin - Innisfil 0 0
Dunnville - Caledonia - Haldimand 1 0
Elgin 1 0
Elliot Lake - Ranger Lake 0 0
Fort Frances - Rainy Lake 0 0
Fort Hope - Webequie 0 0
Fort Severn 0 0
Geraldton - Manitouwadge - Hornepayne 0 0
Greater Sudbury and Vicinity 0 0
Grey - Bruce 1 0
Haliburton 0 0
Halton - Peel 1 0
Huron - Perth 1 0
Kapuskasing - Hearst 0 0
Kenora - Nestor Falls 0 0
Kingston - Prince Edward 1 0
Kirkland Lake - New Liskeard - Temagami 0 0
Lake Nipigon - Wabakimi 0 0
London - Middlesex 1 0
Manitoulin - Blind River - Killarney 0 0
Manitoulin - Northshore - Killarney 0 0
Moosonee - Fort Albany 0 0
Niagara 1 0
Nipigon - Marathon - Superior North 0 0
North Bay - West Nipissing 0 0
Oxford - Brant 1 0
Parry Sound - Muskoka - Huntsville 0 0
Peawanuck 0 0
Peterborough - Kawartha Lakes 1 0
Pickle Lake - Wunnummin Lake 0 0
Prescott and Russell 0 0
Red Lake - Ear Falls 0 0
Renfrew - Pembroke - Barry’s Bay 0 0
Sandy Lake - Pikangikum 0 0
Sarnia - Lambton 1 0
Sault Ste. Marie - Superior East 0 0
Simcoe - Delhi - Norfolk 1 0
Sioux Lookout - Savant Lake 0 0
Smiths Falls - Lanark - Sharbot Lake 0 0
Stirling - Tweed - South Frontenac 0 0
Superior West 0 0
Timmins - Cochrane 0 0
Waterloo - Wellington 1 0
Wawa - White River - Pukaskwa 0 0
Windsor - Essex - Chatham - Kent 1 0
York - Durham 1 0
ONTARIO 10 1

Table A22: 2016 Benzene Annual Statistics

Unit: micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3)
Benzene 24h AAQC: 2.3 µg/m3
Benzene Annual AAQC: 0.45 µg/m3

ID City Location No. of Samples 10% 25% 50% 75% 90% Max Min Mean Std. Dev. No. of Times Above 24h Criterion No. of Times Above Annual Criterion
12016 Windsor West College Ave./South St. 56 0.301 0.375 0.475 0.631 0.721 1.288 0.188 0.523 0.221 0 1
14111 Sarnia 720 Christina St. 41 0.185 0.256 0.385 0.977 1.711 2.466 0.112 0.696 0.656 1 1
15026 London 42 St. Julien St. 52 0.165 0.223 0.334 0.464 0.58 0.815 0.122 0.355 0.167 0 0
26060 Kitchener West Ave./Homewood Ave. 58 0.199 0.248 0.345 0.491 0.661 1.423 0.163 0.406 0.214 0 0
29000 Hamilton Downtown Elgin St./Kelly St. 59 0.204 0.318 0.569 0.896 1.426 2.115 0.163 0.683 0.473 0 1
48006 Newmarket Eagle St. W./McCaffrey Rd. 51 0.145 0.197 0.274 0.412 0.549 1.111 0.102 0.342 0.221 0 0
51001 Ottawa Downtown Rideau St./Wurtemburg St. 56 0.155 0.231 0.306 0.475 0.627 1.208 0.131 0.377 0.232 0 0

Table A23: 2016 Toluene Annual Statistics

Unit: micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3)
Toluene 24h AAQC (based on odour): 2,000 µg/m3

ID City Location No. of Samples 10% 25% 50% 75% 90% Max Min Mean Std. Dev. No. of Times Above 24h Criterion
12016 Windsor West College Ave./South St. 56 0.484 0.627 1.043 1.532 2.117 5.439 0.233 1.272 0.951 0
14111 Sarnia 720 Christina St. 41 0.306 0.455 1.065 1.944 3.401 12.165 0.101 1.778 2.232 0
15026 London 42 St. Julien St. 52 0.253 0.412 0.562 0.794 1.35 3.007 0.166 0.727 0.567 0
26060 Kitchener West Ave./Homewood Ave. 58 0.342 0.451 0.731 1.198 2.074 4.158 0.148 1.02 0.879 0
29000 Hamilton Downtown Elgin St./Kelly St. 59 0.441 0.513 0.794 2.677 3.608 6.797 0.125 1.642 1.59 0
48006 Newmarket Eagle St. W./McCaffrey Rd. 51 0.251 0.481 0.891 1.732 2.135 3.267 0.105 1.118 0.781 0
51001 Ottawa Downtown Rideau St./Wurtemburg St. 56 0.293 0.489 0.762 1.298 1.645 2.645 0.159 0.902 0.564 0

Table A24: 2016 Ethylbenzene Annual Statistics

Unit: micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3)21
Ethylbenzene 24h AAQC (based on odour): 1,000 µg/m3

ID City Location No. of Samples 10% 25% 50% 75% 90% Max Min Mean Std. Dev. No. of Times Above 24h Criteria
12016 Windsor West College Ave./South St. 56 0.089 0.124 0.2 0.269 0.354 1.243 0.043 0.235 0.19 0
14111 Sarnia 720 Christina St. 41 0.055 0.076 0.165 0.307 0.764 1.459 0.016 0.283 0.321 0
15026 London 42 St. Julien St. 52 0.045 0.066 0.089 0.127 0.182 0.399 0.023 0.11 0.075 0
26060 Kitchener West Ave./Homewood Ave. 58 0.058 0.075 0.121 0.193 0.308 0.633 0.028 0.159 0.129 0
29000 Hamilton Downtown Elgin St./Kelly St. 59 0.075 0.092 0.137 0.225 0.411 0.632 0.022 0.186 0.14 0
48006 Newmarket Eagle St. W./McCaffrey Rd. 51 0.045 0.085 0.2 0.295 0.415 0.607 0.012 0.217 0.148 0
51001 Ottawa Downtown Rideau St./Wurtemburg St. 56 0.041 0.065 0.095 0.143 0.229 0.4 0.033 0.121 0.083 0

Table A25: 2016 m- and p-xylene Annual Statistics

Unit: micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3)

ID City Location No. of Samples 10% 25% 50% 75% 90% Max Min Mean Std. Dev.
12016 Windsor West College Ave./South St. 56 0.204 0.298 0.529 0.732 1.022 3.634 0.091 0.635 0.573
14111 Sarnia 720 Christina St. 41 0.126 0.185 0.426 0.624 0.905 2.432 0.026 0.496 0.446
15026 London 42 St. Julien St. 52 0.09 0.14 0.203 0.328 0.472 1.199 0.031 0.269 0.228
26060 Kitchener West Ave./Homewood Ave. 58 0.124 0.164 0.288 0.526 0.921 1.982 0.06 0.435 0.423
29000 Hamilton Downtown Elgin St./Kelly St. 59 0.174 0.207 0.341 0.633 1.264 1.938 0.046 0.518 0.449
48006 Newmarket Eagle St. W./McCaffrey Rd. 51 0.098 0.174 0.438 0.709 1.064 1.514 0.018 0.486 0.371
51001 Ottawa Downtown Rideau St./Wurtemburg St. 56 0.103 0.154 0.238 0.419 0.68 1.809 0.042 0.341 0.304

Table A26: 2016 o-xylene Annual Statistics

Unit: micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3)

ID City Location No. of Samples 10% 25% 50% 75% 90% Max Min Mean Std. Dev.
12016 Windsor West College Ave./South St. 56 0.08 0.114 0.192 0.262 0.367 1.307 0.038 0.232 0.202
14111 Sarnia 720 Christina St. 41 0.047 0.076 0.153 0.248 0.326 0.691 0.011 0.179 0.138
15026 London 42 St. Julien St. 52 0.034 0.057 0.079 0.124 0.185 0.411 0.014 0.106 0.082
26060 Kitchener West Ave./Homewood Ave. 58 0.049 0.067 0.111 0.187 0.308 0.64 0.023 0.154 0.136
29000 Hamilton Downtown Elgin St./Kelly St. 59 0.066 0.082 0.13 0.222 0.457 0.705 0.018 0.19 0.159
48006 Newmarket Eagle St. W./McCaffrey Rd. 51 0.036 0.069 0.173 0.285 0.409 0.548 0.008 0.194 0.136
51001 Ottawa Downtown Rideau St./Wurtemburg St. 56 0.041 0.066 0.095 0.158 0.261 0.416 0.023 0.128 0.093

Table A27: 2016 1,3-Butadiene Annual Statistics

Unit: micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3)
1,3-Butadiene Annual AAQC: 2.0 µg/m3

ID City Location No. of Samples 10% 25% 50% 75% 90% Max Min Mean Std. Dev. No. of Times Above Annual Criterion
12016 Windsor West College Ave./South St. 56 0.017 0.021 0.03 0.04 0.057 0.155 0.009 0.036 0.026 0
14111 Sarnia 720 Christina St. 41 0.011 0.02 0.038 0.072 0.337 0.619 0.006 0.089 0.137 0
15026 London 42 St. Julien St. 52 0.01 0.011 0.017 0.022 0.033 0.065 0.006 0.019 0.012 0
26060 Kitchener West Ave./Homewood Ave. 58 0.01 0.015 0.021 0.027 0.045 0.136 0.006 0.025 0.019 0
29000 Hamilton Downtown Elgin St./Kelly St. 59 0.014 0.016 0.023 0.034 0.049 0.075 0.006 0.028 0.015 0
48006 Newmarket Eagle St. W./McCaffrey Rd. 51 0.009 0.011 0.016 0.023 0.039 0.114 0.003 0.022 0.02 0
51001 Ottawa Downtown Rideau St./Wurtemburg St. 56 0.013 0.015 0.022 0.035 0.046 0.1 0.008 0.029 0.02 0